Turkey occupies both the European and Asian continents. The Asian region, which is larger, is called Anatolia, or Asia Minor. The European region is known as Thrace. Together, these territories occupy more than 301,382 square miles (780,579 square kilometers). Turkey is about the size of Texas and Ohio combined.
Cappadocia
One of the most geographically interesting places in Turkey is located in Anatolia and was created naturally. Volcanic eruptions in Cappadocia left soft layers of volcanic rock that have since eroded and created small mounds of rock known as fairy chimneys. Even more unusual are the underground cities that lie beneath Cappadocia. More than 2,000 years old and dating back to the Byzantine Empire, these large underground cities unfold into a series of tunnels, rooms, and narrow channels that may run at least 6 miles (8.4 kilometers) underground. It is believed that the underground city could have held as many as 25,000 people and was created for the purposes of defense, or for Christians who were hiding from persecution.
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